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Objective To investigate the health status of high-radon exposure miners in a typical non-uranium mine in Jiangxi Province, China. Methods A general survey was conducted to investigate the basic situation and awareness rate of radon among underground miners aged ≥ 40 years, and the occupational health examination and low-dose lung computed tomography scan were carried out. Results The awareness rate of radon among miners working down the mine was only 3.70%. The peripheral blood lymphocyte chromosome aberration analysis showed an aberration rate of 0% per 100 cells. The peripheral blood lymphocyte micronucleus test showed an abnormal rate of 0.02‰. Ophthalmic examinations (slit-lamp examination of the lens, the vitreous body, the fundus) showed no abnormality. The abnormal rate of leukocyte count was 3.70%, and the detection rate of small lung nodules was 48.15%. Conclusion The high-radon exposure minors had a high detection rate of small lung nodules, and lack knowledge of radon. It is urgent to strengthen the publicity and education on the hazards of radon and the prevention and control of occupational diseases.
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Objective To study the frequency of diagnostic medical radiological examinations and the distribution of examinees in Jiangxi province by sampling investigation,including normal X-ray diagnosis,computed tomography (CT),interventional radiology.Methods Hospitals of different levels in Jiangxi province were chosen by the typical sampling method.Questionnaire was used in this study.Results There were more male examinees than female in diagnostic medical radiological examinations.For the distribution of age,the "0-" group accounted for the lowest and the "40-" group the highest proportion.The annual frequency in 2016 in Jiangxi was 543.07 examinations per 1 000 population for normal X-ray diagnosis,244.79 examinations per 1 000 population for CT scanning,6.28 examinations per 1 000 population for interventional radiology.Conclusions The frequency of diagnostic medical radiological examinations in Jiangxi has been increased rapidly which made a huge challenge for radiological protection.Therefore,the supervision and management of diagnostic medical radiological examinations should be enhanced and medical resources should be rationally allocated.
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Objective@#To study the frequency of clinical nuclear medicine procedures and the distribution of examinees in Jiangxi povince, and to estimate the annual frequency of clinical nuclear medicine procedures in Jiangxi in 2017.@*Methods@#A survey was made with questionnaires on all medical institutions carrying out clinical nuclear medicine practices in the province.@*Results@#Except for positron emission tomography (PET) examinations, the frequency of nuclear medicine procedures for females was much higher than that for males. The total frequency of nuclear medicine procedures was 0.67 examinations per 1 000 population in 2017, and the frequencies for diagnosis and treatment were 0.58 and 0.09 examinations per 1 000 population, respectively.@*Conclusions@#The frequency of clinical nuclear medicine procedures in Jiangxi increased rapidly after the "Ninth Five-Year Plan" period. It is necessary to further standardize the diagnosis and treatment of nuclear medicine procedures, to enhance the awareness of radiation protection of nuclear medicine staff and to promote the healthy and orderly development of nuclear medicine.
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Objective To study the frequency of clinical nuclear medicine procedures and the distribution of examinees in Jiangxi povince, and to estimate the annual frequency of clinical nuclear medicine procedures in Jiangxi in 2017. Methods A survey was made with questionnaires on all medical institutions carrying out clinical nuclear medicine practices in the province. Results Except for positron emission tomography (PET) examinations, the frequency of nuclear medicine procedures for females was much higher than that for males. The total frequency of nuclear medicine procedures was 0. 67 examinations per 1000 population in 2017, and the frequencies for diagnosis and treatment were 0. 58 and 0. 09 examinations per 1000 population, respectively. Conclusions The frequency of clinical nuclear medicine procedures in Jiangxi increased rapidly after the "Ninth Five-Year Plan" period. It is necessary to further standardize the diagnosis and treatment of nuclear medicine procedures, to enhance the awareness of radiation protection of nuclear medicine staff and to promote the healthy and orderly development of nuclear medicine.
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Bile acid is a general term for a large class of cholic acid in bile and exerts its unique physiological functions by binding the relevant receptors and bile acid transporters. Bile acids not only promote the absorption of nutrients in the human body, but also as an important signaling molecule in the regulation of inflammatory processes and liver regeneration. Several studies have found that bile acid metabolism is involved in the occurrence and development of chronic non-cholestatic liver diseases. In this article, the latest research results are mentioned, and the relationship between nuclear receptors, membrane receptors, and bile acid transporters and chronic non-cholestatic liver disease that play a key role in the bile acid metabolism were emphatically reviewed.
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Mitochondrial diseases are maternally inherited heterogeneous disorders that are primarily caused by mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations. Depending on the ratio of mutant to wild-type mtDNA, known as heteroplasmy, mitochondrial defects can result in a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations. Mitochondria-targeted endonucleases provide an alternative avenue for treating mitochondrial disorders via targeted destruction of the mutant mtDNA and induction of heteroplasmic shifting. Here, we generated mitochondrial disease patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells (MiPSCs) that harbored a high proportion of m.3243A>G mtDNA mutations and caused mitochondrial encephalomyopathy and stroke-like episodes (MELAS). We engineered mitochondrial-targeted transcription activator-like effector nucleases (mitoTALENs) and successfully eliminated the m.3243A>G mutation in MiPSCs. Off-target mutagenesis was not detected in the targeted MiPSC clones. Utilizing a dual fluorescence iPSC reporter cell line expressing a 3243G mutant mtDNA sequence in the nuclear genome, mitoTALENs displayed a significantly limited ability to target the nuclear genome compared with nuclear-localized TALENs. Moreover, genetically rescued MiPSCs displayed normal mitochondrial respiration and energy production. Moreover, neuronal progenitor cells differentiated from the rescued MiPSCs also demonstrated normal metabolic profiles. Furthermore, we successfully achieved reduction in the human m.3243A>G mtDNA mutation in porcine oocytes via injection of mitoTALEN mRNA. Our study shows the great potential for using mitoTALENs for specific targeting of mutant mtDNA both in iPSCs and mammalian oocytes, which not only provides a new avenue for studying mitochondrial biology and disease but also suggests a potential therapeutic approach for the treatment of mitochondrial disease, as well as the prevention of germline transmission of mutant mtDNA.
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Animals , Humans , Male , Mice , DNA, Mitochondrial , Genetics , Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells , Cell Biology , Metabolism , MELAS Syndrome , Genetics , Microsatellite Repeats , Genetics , Mitochondria , Genetics , Metabolism , Mutation , GeneticsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:To establish the quality standard for Gaultheria yunnanensis. METHODS:TLC was adopted for quali-tative identification of samples. Moisture,total ash and acid-insoluble ash were determined. HPLC method was used to determine the content of methyl salicylate. The determination was performed on Eclipse XDB-C18 column with mobile phase consisted of meth-anol-water(62:38,V/V)at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The detection wavelength was set at 307 nm,and column temperature was 30 ℃. The sample size was 10 μL. RESULTS:TLC spots of samples were clear and well separated. The moisture was 8.2%-10.8%,total ash was 0.9%-4.0% and acid-insoluble ash was 0.1%-0.9%. The linear range of methyl salicylate were 0.045-0.73μg(r=0.9999). RSDs of precision,stability and reproducibility tests were no more than 1.0%. The recoveries of meth-yl salicylate were 97.8%-104.3%(RSD=2.6%,n=9). CONCLUSIONS:The established standard can be used for quality control of G. yunnanensis.
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Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is an important cause of hepatic fibrosis,liver cirrhosis,and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Insulin resistance (IR) is one of the important pathological features of HCV infection.IR can accelerate the development of hepatic fibrosis,hepatic steatosis,and HCC and affect the efficacy of antiviral therapy.Therefore,HCV-related IR can be the target of pharmacotherapy during any stage of HCV infection.This article reviews the pathogenesis of IR in patients with hepatitis C,the interaction between them,and the impact of IR on antiviral therapy.
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Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is an important pattern recognition receptor and plays an important role in the inhibition of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. It identifies the HBV-related proteins and produces inflammatory factors, such as tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, and interleukin-12, and type I interferon through the myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) and the non-MyD88 pathway, and thus TLR4 exerts its antiviral effect. Meanwhile, it has been found that TLR4 regulates the balance between T helper 1 and T helper 2 cells, promotes the adhesion of CD8+ T lymphocytes in the liver, induces the secretion of inducible nitric oxide synthase, and thus inhibits HBV. If overexpressed, TLR4 will aggravate liver inflammation by excessively activating the body's immune system, aggravating liver ischemia/reperfusion, and activating hepatic stellate cells. This article reviews related articles published at home and abroad in recent years, discusses the mechanisms of action of TLR4 in the pathogenesis of hepatitis B, and summarizes the association between TLR4 and hepatitis B, in order to find new therapies for hepatitis B and new protocols which delay the progression of hepatitis B to liver cirrhosis and liver cancer through the studies on the association between TLR4 and hepatitis B.
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ObjectiveTo investigate the correlation between HBsAg, prothrombin time activity (PTA), and indocyanine green retention rate at 15 minutes (ICG R15) in patients with HBeAg-positive chronic HBV infection. MethodsA total of 92 patients with HBeAg-positive chronic HBV infection who were admitted to The First Hospital of Lanzhou University from December 2015 to April 2016 were enrolled and divided into chronic hepatitis B (CHB) group (24 patients), compensated liver cirrhosis group (38 patients), and decompensated liver cirrhosis group (30 patients). Serum HBsAg quantitation, PTA test, and liver reserve function test (ICG R15) were performed for all patients. The chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between groups, an analysis of variance was used for comparison of continuous data between multiple groups, and a Pearson correlation analysis was also performed. ResultsThere were significant differences between the three groups in serum HBsAg quantitation (3.82±0.43 log10IU/ml vs 2.88±0.36 log10IU/ml vs 2.60±0.27 log10IU/ml, F=25.19, P＜0.001), ICG R15 (7.51%±3.10% vs 9.57%±8.18% vs 24.13%±14.28%, F=24.00, P=0.001), and PTA (8100%±1762% vs 83.08%±9.64% vs 62.32%±16.90%, F=13.42, P=0.009). The correlation analysis showed that PTA was negatively correlated with ICG R15 in all three groups (r=-0.948, -0.602, and -0.735, all P＜0.01). In the compensated liver cirrhosis group and decompensated liver cirrhosis group, HBsAg was positively correlated with PTA (r=0.410 and 0.473, both P＜0.05) and negatively correlated with ICG R15 (r=-0.427 and -0.768, P＜0.01). ConclusionIn HBeAg positive patients, there are certain correlations between HBsAg, PTA, and ICG R15, which, to a certain degree, reflects the liver reserve function in patients with chronic HBV infection.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the efficacy of laparoscopic surgery in the treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) in different anatomical locations.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Clinical data of 133 patients with primary gastric GIST undergoing laparoscopic resection at our department from January 2006 to December 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. These patients were divided into favorable site group (F group, 90 cases), including gastric fundus, anterior wall and greater curvature of gastric body, and unfavorable site group (UF group, 43 cases),including gastroesophageal junction, posterior wall and lesser curvature of gastric body,antrum and pylorus, according to the 2014 version National Comprehensive Cancer Network Clinical Guidelines. Short-term and long-term efficacy between the two groups was compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were no significant differences between the two groups in the general clinicopathological parameters (all P>0.05). The operation time of F group and UF group was (107.3±52.3) min and (119±53.4) min respectively (P=0.21). The blood loss in F group and UF group was (35.2±34.2) ml and (35.2±31.2) ml respectively (P=1.00). In addition, there were no significant differences in time to first fluid diet, time to first flatus, postoperative hospital stay and hospitalization expenses between the two groups(all P>0.05). In F group and UF group, morbidity of postoperative complication was 6.7%(6/90) and 4.7%(2/43) respectively (P=0.72), morbidity of category I(-II( complication was 4.4%(4/90) and 2.3%(1/43) respectively (P=0.66),and morbidity of category III(-IIII( complication was 2.2%(2/90) and 2.3% (1/43) respectively (P=1.00). Median follow-up time of all the cases was 36(1 to 84) months. The 5-year overall survival rates of F group and UF group were 93.8% and 95.2% respectively, and 5-year relapse-free survival rates were 81.1% and 89.4% respectively, without significant differences(both P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Laparoscopic operation for gastric GIST in unfavorable sites can yield similar short- and long-term outcomes compared with those in favorable sites.</p>
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Adult , Humans , Esophagogastric Junction , Gastrectomy , Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors , General Surgery , Laparoscopy , Length of Stay , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local , Operative Time , Postoperative Complications , Postoperative Period , Pylorus , Retrospective Studies , Stomach Neoplasms , General Surgery , Survival Rate , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the relationship between pulpitis pain and voltage-gated sodium channel (Nav1.9) by detecting the expression of Nav1.9 at different time points of the rat pulpal lesion model.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty-six SD pulpal lesions rat models were divided into three experimental groups, 1 d (n = 12), 3 d (n = 12) and 5 d group(n = 12).Normal SD rats served as control(n = 12). Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and Nav1.9 mRNA expressions were evaluated by reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) .Nav1.9 protein expressions were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blotting.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The expression of TNF-α in the experimental group (1 d:0.514 ± 0.098, 3 d:0.739 ± 0.104, 5 d:1.238 ± 0.082) was higher than those in the control group (0.147 ± 0.016) (P < 0.01). Nav1.9 mRNA was up-regulated markedly in experimental groups (1 d: 0.296 ± 0.038, 3 d:0.409 ± 0.013, 5 d: 0.487 ± 0.028) , compare with control group (0.223 ± 0.020) (P < 0.05). The ELISA results revealed that the level of Nav1.9 in control pulp tissue was (4.013 ± 0.292) µg/L, in painful pulp tissue of 1 d group was (5.143 ± 0.101) µg/L, in painful pulp tissue of 3 d group was (5.835 ± 0.088) µg/L and in painful pulp tissue of 5 d group was (6.307 ± 0.137) µg/L (P < 0.05). Western blotting showed the expression of Nav1.9 in experimental groups (1 d: 0.106 ± 0.007, 3 d:0.170 ± 0.013, 5 d:0.238 ± 0.004) was up-regulated significantly compared with control group (0.073 ± 0.004)(P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The level of Nav1.9 had a significant increase in painful pulp tissue. Moreover, with the degree of pain aggravation, the expression of Nav1.9 increased in pulp tissue.It suggests that Nav1.9 may play an important role in the development of pulpitis pain.</p>
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Animals , Rats , Blotting, Western , Dental Pulp , Metabolism , Pathology , Metabolism , Pain , Pulpitis , RNA, Messenger , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha , Metabolism , Up-RegulationABSTRACT
Objective This study is to analyse the clinical feature and risk factors of morbidity after pulmonary resection for lung cancer in patients older than 70 years. Methods The clinical records of 222 patients older than 70 years who had undergone pulmonary resection for their lung cancer was reviewed. The patients were divided into 3 groups: group Ⅰ including the patients who had severe postoperative complications, group Ⅱ including the patients who had mild complications and group Ⅲ including the patients who had no complications. Moreover, the definitions were made that group A1 = group Ⅰ+ Ⅱ , group B1 = group Ⅲ, group A2 = group Ⅰ and group B2 = group Ⅱ + Ⅲ. Univariate analyses and multivariate binary logistic regressions relating postoperative morbidity to risk factors were performed between the group Al and Bl, A2 and B2, resulting in the identification of the independent risk factors for overall morbidity and major morbidity. Results Preoperative comorbidity was recorded in 161 patients (72.5%). Lobectomy (64.9% ) was the predominant surgical procedure. The median number of dissected LN was 14, with the range of 0 to 57. The overall morbidity was 63.5% , including major morbidity of 13.5%. Perioperative mortality was 1.8% (4 cases). The results of binary logistic regression analyses indicated that the independent risk factors for overall morbidity were preoperative weight loss (P =0.020), ASA score (P＜0.001), MVV (% predicted) (P=0. 020 ) and the number of dissected LN ( P = 0.004 ). The independent risk factors for major morbidity were ASA score ( P =0.003), MVV (% predicted) (P= 0.018) and the location of tumor (P=0.007). Conclusion Preoperative weight loss and numbers of dissected mediastinal lymph nodes were risk factor for lung cancer patients older than 70 years, Proper perioperative management for the elderly patients with high ASA score, low MVV (% predicted) or central tumor, could reduce the major postoperative morbidity.
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The importance of NAC (named as NAM, ATAF1, 2, and CUC2) proteins in plant development, transcription regulation and regulatory pathways involving protein-protein interactions has been increasingly recognized. We report here the high resolution crystal structure of SNAC1 (stress-responsive NAC) NAC domain at 2.5 Å. Although the structure of the SNAC1 NAC domain shares a structural similarity with the reported structure of the ANAC NAC1 domain, some key features, especially relating to two loop regions which potentially take the responsibility for DNA-binding, distinguish the SNAC1 NAC domain from other reported NAC structures. Moreover, the dimerization of the SNAC1 NAC domain is demonstrated by both soluble and crystalline conditions, suggesting this dimeric state should be conserved in this type of NAC family. Additionally, we discuss the possible NAC-DNA binding model according to the structure and reported biological evidences.
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Amino Acid Motifs , Amino Acid Sequence , Conserved Sequence , Crystallography, X-Ray , DNA , Metabolism , Models, Molecular , Molecular Sequence Data , Oryza , Metabolism , Physiology , Plant Proteins , Chemistry , Metabolism , Promoter Regions, Genetic , Genetics , Protein Multimerization , Protein Structure, Quaternary , Protein Structure, Tertiary , Stress, PhysiologicalABSTRACT
Alzheimers disease is the most common cause of progressive decline of mental function. Recent years there is a large development in the early diagnosis and therapeutic progress in Alzheimer disease. The article reviews the progress in the pathogenesis, early diagnosis and new therapies in Alzheimers disease.
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3 cm in diameter was 65.6%, while the rate in those